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Angelo Secchi and Nineteenth Century Science: The Multidisciplinary Contributions of a Pioneer and Innovator (Repost)

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 5 Apr 2024 02:01:24

Angelo Secchi and Nineteenth Century Science: The Multidisciplinary Contributions of a Pioneer and Innovator (Repost)

Angelo Secchi was a key figure in 19th century science. An Italian Jesuit and scientist, he helped lead the transition from astronomy to astrophysics and left a lasting legacy in the field. Secchi’s spectral classification of stars was a milestone that paved the way for modern astronomical research. He was also a founder of modern meteorology and an innovator in the design and development of new instruments and methods across disciplines.

Science Measurement Science History Astronomy

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Fundamentals of Mass Determination

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 26 Mar 2024 06:32:57

In this book on Fundamentals of Mass Determination, the definition and dissemination of units of mass is explained, starting with an introduction to metrology and mass determination.

Metrology Science Mass Determination Quality Control Reliability Safety Risk Measurement Science

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Experimental Techniques in Nuclear and Particle Physics

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 16 Mar 2024 00:53:49

I have been teaching courses on experimental techniques in nuclear and particle physics to master students in physics and in engineering for many years. This book grew out of the lecture notes I made for these students. The physics and engineering students have rather different expectations of what such a course should be like. I hope that I have nevertheless managed to write a book that can satisfy the needs of these different target audiences. The lectures themselves, of course, need to be adapted to the needs of each group of students. An engineering student will not qu- tion a statement like “the velocity of the electrons in atoms is ?1% of the velocity of light”, a physics student will. Regarding units, I have written factors h and c explicitly in all equations throughout the book. For physics students it would be preferable to use the convention that is common in physics and omit these constants in the equations, but that would probably be confusing for the engineering students. Physics students tend to be more interested in theoretical physics courses. However, physics is an experimental science and physics students should und- stand how experiments work, and be able to make experiments work.

Particle Physics Science Neutron Physics Nuclear Physics Heavy Ions Hadrons Particle Acceleration Detection Beam Physics Nuclear Energy Biomedical Engineering Bioengineering Measurement Science Instrumentation

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First Differential Measurements of tZq Production and Luminosity Determination Using Z Boson Rates at the LHC

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 16 Feb 2024 03:09:24

This thesis describes two groundbreaking measurements in the precision frontier at the LHC: the first ever differential measurement of the Z-associated single top quark (tZq) production, and the luminosity measurement using Z boson production rate for the first time in CMS. Observed only in 2018, the tZq process is of great importance in probing top quark electroweak couplings. These couplings are natural places for new phenomena to happen in the top quark sector of the standard model. Yet, they are the least explored directly. One has to obtain a firm understanding of the modeling of sensitive distributions to new top-Z interactions. The present analysis marks a major milestone in this long-term effort. All distributions relevant for new phenomena, and/or modeling of tZq, are studied in full depth using advanced Machine Learning techniques.The luminosity and its uncertainty contributes to every physics result of the experiment. The method minutely developed in this thesis provides a complementary measurement that results in a significant overall reduction of uncertainties.

Physics Science Computational Physics Measurement Science

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Reference Materials in Measurement and Technology

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 8 Feb 2024 16:31:49

Reference Materials in Measurement and Technology: Proceedings of the Fifth International Scientific Conference RMMT 2022 by Egor P. Sobina, Sergey V. Medvedevskikh, Olga N. Kremleva, Ivan S. Filimonov, Elena V. Kulyabina, Anna V. Kolobova, Andrey V. Bulatov, Vladimir I. Dobrovolskiy
English | PDF EPUB (True) | 2024 | 461 Pages | ISBN : 3031491998 | 49.1 MB

The book covers in particular state-of-the-art scientific research about product quality control and related health and environmental safety topics, including human, animal and plant safety assurance issues. These conference proceedings provide contemporary information on the general theoretical, metrological and practical issues of the production and application of reference materials.

Technology Science Comparability Measurement Quality Control Physics Measurement Science Instrumentation Materials Science general Materials Engineering Spectroscopy Spectrometry

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Modern Developments in Vacuum Electron Sources (Repost)

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 12 Jan 2024 10:56:37

Modern Developments in Vacuum Electron Sources (Repost)

This book gives an overview of modern cathodes and electron emitters for vacuum tubes and vacuum electron devices in general. It covers the latest developments in field emission theory as well as new methods towards improving thermionic and cold cathodes. It addresses thermionic cathodes, such as oxide cathodes, impregnated and scandate cathodes, as well as photocathodes and field emitters – the latter comprising carbon nanotubes, graphene and Spindt-type emitter arrays. Despite the rise and fall of the once dominant types of vacuum tubes, such as radio valves and cathode ray tubes, cathodes are continually being improved upon as new applications with increased demands arise, for example in electron beam lithography, high-power and high-frequency microwave tubes, terahertz imaging and electron sources for accelerators. Written by 17 experts in the field, the book presents the latest developments in cathodes needed for these applications, discussing the state of the art and addressing future trends.

Physics Science Measurement Science Electronics Microelectronics

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Relaxation Phenomena

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 9 Jan 2024 22:37:42

The authors describe the electric, magnetic and other relaxational processes in a wide spectrum of materials: liquid crystals, molecular magnets, polymers, high-Tc superconductors and glasses. The book summarizes the phenomenological fundamentals and the experimental methods used. A detailed description of molecular and collective dynamics in the broad range of liquid crystals is presented. Magnetic systems, high-Tc superconductors, polymers and glasses are an important subject of matter. It is shown that the researchers working on relaxation processes in different fields of materials sciences are dealing with the same physical fundamentals, but are sometimes using slightly different terms. The book is addressed to scientists, engineers, graduate and undergraduate students, experimentalists and theorists in physics, chemistry, materials sciences and electronic engineering. Many internationally well known experts contribute to it.

Science ESR Experiment Material Science Physical Chemistry Instrumentation Measurement Superconductor condensed matter Polymer Science Chemistry Condensed Matter Physics Polymer Sciences Measurement Science Spectroscopy Microscopy Solid State Physics

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Novel Optical Fiber Sensing Technology and Systems

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 5 Jan 2024 05:47:34

This book highlights recent advances in novel optical fiber sensing technology and systems, using distributed fiber sensing technology based on chaotic lasers. Upon introducing the basic theory of chaotic laser, a novel light source, the book summarizes new frontier technologies, and presents photonic integration and sensing applications. The book elaborates on new technologies of distributed optical fiber sensors and its engineering applications, as well as narrow-linewidth fiber laser for optical fiber sensing. This book is of great reference for researchers and professionals in the area of optics and optoelectronics.

Science Fiber Laser Chaotic Laser Optical Fiber Sensor Optics Photonics Lasers Measurement Science Optical Devices

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Novel Optical Fiber Sensing Technology and Systems

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 5 Jan 2024 04:53:32

Science Fiber Laser Chaotic Laser Optical Fiber Sensor Optics Lasers Photonics Optical Devices Measurement Science

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High-Precision W-Boson Studies with LHCb

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 4 Jan 2024 06:09:52

This book details a new and ground-breaking contribution to the search for a successor to the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics - the largest modern endeavour in the field. In the hope of seeing a discrepancy with the SM's predictions, this work discusses two hitherto unforeseen measurements at the frontier of experimental precision: a measurement of W-boson mass and a test of the fundamental axiom of the W boson's lepton flavour universality (LFU). Both measurements are made by analysing collision data from the LHCb experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN, and represent the establishment of a new field of high-precision Standard Model tests with LHCb. This book also describes the development of new software tools for the optimisation of the LHCb trigger system, which helps to ensure that LHCb's exciting physics program can continue to prosper into the future. This book is accessible to those with graduate—or master's—level training in experimental particle physics.

Science Physics High-Precision Precision LHCb Measurements Trigger Measurement Science Instrumentation Nuclear Physics Elementary Particles Quantum Field Theory Astronomy

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Angelo Secchi and Nineteenth Century Science: The Multidisciplinary Contributions of a Pioneer and Innovator (Repost)

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 2 Jan 2024 22:01:07

Science Measurement Science History Astronomy

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Proceedings of the 30th International Laser Radar Conference

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 29 Dec 2023 17:35:09

This volume presents papers from the biennial International Laser Radar Conference (ILRC), the world’s leading event in the field of atmospheric research using lidar. With growing environmental concerns to address such as air quality deterioration, stratospheric ozone depletion, extreme weather events, and changing climate, the lidar technique has never been as critical as it is today to monitor, alert, and help solve current and emerging problems of this century. The 30th occurrence of the ILRC unveils many of the newest results and discoveries in atmospheric science and laser remote sensing technology. The 30th ILRC conference program included all contemporary ILRC themes, leveraging on both the past events’ legacy and the latest advances in lidar technologies and scientific discoveries, with participation by young scientists particularly encouraged.

Science Lidar Ocean lidar Space-borne lidar Measurement clouds Measurement of clouds Greenhouse gases Laser remote sensing Measurement of aerosols aerosols troposphere Free troposphere Environmental Science Atmospheric Sciences Measurement Science Instrumentation Computer Applications Geography general Optics Lasers Photonics Optical Devices Astronomy Astrophysics Cosmology

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Sensors & Instrumentation and Aircraft/Aerospace Testing Techniques, Volume 8

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 22 Nov 2023 03:44:36

Sensors & Instrumentation and Aircraft/Aerospace Testing Techniques, Volume 8: Proceedings of the 41st IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics 2023 by Chad Walber, Matthew Stefanski, Stephen Seidlitz
English | PDF (True) | 2023 | 160 Pages | ISBN : 3031349377 | 13.5 MB

Sensors & Instrumentation and Aircraft/Aerospace Testing Techniques, Volume 8: Proceedings of the 41st IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2023, the eighth volume of ten from the Conference brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Shock & Vibration, Aircraft/Aerospace Testing Techniques including papers on:

Science Aerospace Instrumentation Aircraft Aerospace Technology Astronautics Medical Physics Biophysics Measurement Science Mechanical Engineering Engineering

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Optically Trapped Microspheres as Sensors of Mass and Sound: Brownian Motion as Both Signal and Noise

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 20 Nov 2023 04:09:43

This thesis makes significant advances in the use of microspheres in optical traps as highly precise sensing platforms. While optically trapped microspheres have recently proven their dominance in aqueous and vacuum environments, achieving state-of-the-art measurements of miniscule forces and torques, their sensitivity to perturbations in air has remained relatively unexplored. This thesis shows that, by uniquely operating in air and measuring its thermally-fluctuating instantaneous velocity, an optically trapped microsphere is an ultra-sensitive probe of both mass and sound. The mass of the microsphere is determined with similar accuracy to competitive methods but in a fraction of the measurement time and all while maintaining thermal equilibrium, unlike alternative methods. As an acoustic transducer, the air-based microsphere is uniquely sensitive to the velocity of sound, as opposed to the pressure measured by a traditional microphone.

Science Sound detection Brownian motion Optical trapping scattering Einstein Uhlenbeck theory Ornstein Mie scattering High-precision sensing Physics Measurement Science Instrumentation Optics Lasers Photonics Optical Devices Acoustics Computational Physics Mathematical physics Mathematical Physics

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Testing Explanations of Short Baseline Neutrino Anomalies

Posted By: AvaxGenius

Date: 9 Nov 2023 15:53:34

This thesis, encompassing both theory to experiment, guides the reader in a pedagogical way through the author’s attempts to resolve the mystery of the so-called MiniBooNE anomaly, where unexpected neutrino oscillations were reported, potentially explainable by the existence of light sterile neutrinos, but in contradiction with several null results. Within this context, this thesis reports one of the first analyses searching for an excess of electrons in the MicroBooNE experiment finding no excess of events and narrowing down the possible explanations for the anomaly. Additionally, this thesis explores non-minimal heavy neutral leptons as potential explanations for the MiniBooNE excess. To search for evidence for this particle, the author performs an analysis using data from the T2K experiment, which searched for pairs of electrons using a gas argon time projection. This thesis provides a comprehensive explanation of the MiniBooNE anomaly and test of its possibile explanation with liquid and gas time projection chambers.

Physics Science Nuclear Physics Measurement Science Instrumentation Quantum Field Theory Explanations Neutrino Anomalies Chemistry Analytical Chemistry

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